Архив метки: air temperature

TRENDS IN HYDROTHERMAL INDICATORS OF THE STEPPES OF SOUTH-EASTERN TRANSBAIKALIA IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE WARMING

Arid Ecosystems

Davydova N.D. TRENDS IN HYDROTHERMAL INDICATORS OF THE STEPPES OF SOUTH-EASTERN TRANSBAIKALIA IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE WARMING // Arid ecosystems. 2022. V.28. № 1 (90). P. 3-10 . | PDF

One of the problems of the development of society on Earth was climate change due to the increase in the temperature of the surface layer of air, which for different regions was and remains not equal. The analysis of long-term data on air temperature, atmospheric precipitation and humidity of deep-frozen powdery-carbonate chernozems of the Onon-Argun steppe of South-Eastern Transbaikalia is carried out. It is shown that the next dry period of 1999-2020 differs from the previous one by a significant increase in temperature and an ambiguous annual amount of precipitation. According to these indicators, it is divided into two parts: very dry warm and wet very warm. In the driest period (2001-2011), the moisture reserves in the soils were mostly at the level of withering humidity and below. In nature, there were such catastrophic phenomena as the widespread drying of stands of trees, the disappearance of lakes, including a large one-Barun-Torey. Since 2012, the amount of precipitation has increased, but has had little effect on the soil moisture reserves and the replenishment of the water volume in the lakes. As a result, by 2018, the water area of another large lake of the Torey depression – Zun-Torey-disappeared. The bottoms of the dried-up lakes turned into soda-sulfate sodium and soda- chloride-sulfate sodium salt marshes. In the terrestrial grassland of the steppes, the introduction of xerophilic species into the communities was observed, as well as a decrease in its height and density. The amount of aboveground plant mass decreased by 1.5-2.0 times.

Keywords: global warming, Onon-Argun steppe, atmospheric precipitation, air temperature, humidity, soil, lake drying, vegetation, xerophilic species, stand of trees.

Acknowledgement. The author is grateful to the head of the Borzya meteorological station, L.I. Karpikova, hydrologist O.V. Perminova and all the employees who worked in different years for their long-term assistance in the selection of materials, consultations, understanding and warm friendly attitude, as well as Ph.D. L.V. Dudareva, who took a direct part in the formation of the Chemical Analytical Center of the Institute of Geography of the SB RAS and its accreditation, the development of the instrument base and the receipt of KHA data.

Financing. The work was carried out at the expense of the state assignment of the IG SB RAS, state registration No. AAAA17-117041910171-7, “Spatial and temporal patterns of the material state of the landscapes of Siberia in changing environmental conditions”.

DOI: 10.24412/1993-3916-2022-1-3-10

TRENDS IN CHANGES IN THE THERMAL REGIME IN THE ARID AND ADJACENT TERRITORIES OF THE EUROPEAN PART OF RUSSIA IN THE SUMMER PERIOD

Arid Ecosystems

Akimov L.M. TRENDS IN CHANGES IN THE THERMAL REGIME IN THE ARID AND ADJACENT TERRITORIES OF THE EUROPEAN PART OF RUSSIA IN THE SUMMER PERIOD // Arid ecosystems. 2021. V.27. № 4 (88). P. 3-12. | PDF

The paper presents the results of the analysis of trends in the average monthly air temperature, arid lands of the European part of Russia and the territories associated with them, in the summer period, as well as estimates of their direction and speed of temperature changes in the second half of the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. Against the background of the global climate, the regional features of the thermal regime of the European territory of Russia (ETR) are studied. The analysis of latitudinal and longitude quantitative indicators of changes in the thermal regime, with a spatial distribution in the study area, is given. A significant increase in air temperature was found in the territories of arid lands of Russia, where the trend of temperature increase is significantly higher than the data presented in the Assessment Reports and amounted to 0.066oC over 10 years.

Keywords: air temperature, global climate, European territory of Russia, thermal regime, arid lands, trend, variability.

DOI: 10.24412/1993-3916-2021-4-3-12

ANALYSIS OF HYDROTHERMAL CONDITIONS IN THE ROSTOV REGION IN THE PERIOD 1960-2019

Arid Ecosystems

Gudko V.N., Usatov A.V.,  Azarin K.V. ANALYSIS OF HYDROTHERMAL CONDITIONS IN THE ROSTOV REGION IN THE PERIOD 1960-2019 // Arid ecosystems. 2021. V.27. № 4 (88). P. 25-31. | PDF

Based on data from six meteorological stations in the Rostov region in the period 1960-2019, the tendencies of changes in air temperature, precipitation, and hydrothermal conditions, expressed by the Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient, were analyzed. For all meteorological stations, a significant trend was determined for the increase in the average annual air temperature and the sums of temperatures above 10 °C. The annual amount of precipitation had a significant upward trend only at the Chertkovo meteorological station, at the other five meteorological stations — an upward trend. On the background of an intensive increase in temperatures, a tendency for a decrease in the values of the Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient for the Gigant, Rostov-on-Don, Taganrog and Tsimlyansk meteorological stations was noted. At the meteorological stations Chertkovo and Remontnoye, the increase in temperatures was compensated by an increase in the amount of precipitation; as a result, a tendency to an increase in the values of the Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient was noted. Hydrothermal conditions at six meteorological stations in the period 1960-2019 were characterized as dry, and the mean annual value of HTC varies within 0.64 — 0.82. The driest conditions are typical for meteorological stations located in the east and north-east of the Rostov region. Based on the calculated trends, it can be concluded that in the period 1960-2019 for the meteorological stations Gigant, Rostov-on-Don, Taganrog and Tsimlyansk, arid warming is characteristic, while the meteorological stations Remontnoye and Chertkovo are characterized by humid warming.

Keywords: air temperature, precipitation amount, hydrothermal conditions, Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient, arid warming, humid warming, Rostov region.

Financing. The work was carried out with the financial support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the framework of the state assignment in the field of scientific activity (No. 0852-2020-0029).

DOI: 10.24412/1993-3916-2021-4-25-31

WATER TEMPERATURE REGIME OF UPPER DON RIVER BASIN AS A REACTION TO CLIMATE CHANGE PROCESSES

Arid Ecosystems

Dmitrieva Vera A., Buchik SvetlanaV. WATER TEMPERATURE REGIME OF UPPER DON RIVER BASIN AS A REACTION TO CLIMATE CHANGE PROCESSES // Arid ecosystems. 2021. V. 27. № 1 (86). P. 127-134. | PDF

The current water temperature regimen in the rivers of the Upper Don is changing as a result of local climate processes which in turn are a reflection of the global climate change. The first ten years of the current century saw the near-surface air temperatures in the Upper Don increase on average by 1 degree Celsius, causing changes in the river water temperature regimen. This regimen reflects the interaction between atmosphere and hydrosphere. At the same time, the water masses are in contact with the water bed, which can also influence the temperature of the water. Due to the continuous interaction between different environments, the atmospheric temperature is not always the leading factor in the river water temperature dynamics. Despite the unidirectional tendency towards the increase in the regional air temperature in all of the Don catchment area, the water temperature changes are not straightforward and can be paradoxical. The right Don tributaries (Krasivaya Mecha, Devitsa, Chernayaa kalitva et al), coming from the Central Russian Upland, are seeing a steady decrease in water temperature. However, the left tributaries (Voronezh, Bityug), coming from the Oka-Don lowland plain, are showing a maximum water temperature increase. The water temperature is decreasing in the Podgornaya River, a left tributary coming from the Kalach elevation. The Don watercourse proper registers a water temperature increase. The controversial superficial water layer temperature dynamics can be attributed to annual water runoff distribution, the decrease in snow volume and the increase in the part of ground water influx during the periods of the water maximum formation.

Keywords: Upper Don, climate, the thermal regime, water temperature, air temperature.

DOI: 10.24411/1993-3916-2021-10144

ANALYSIS OF CLIMATIC CONDITIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF KALMYKIA FOR THE PERIOD 1966-2017

Arid Ecosystems

Shumova N.А. Analysis of climatic conditions in the Republic of Kalmykia for the period 1966-2017 // Arid ecosystems. 2020. V. 26. № 3 (84). P. 23-29. | PDF

The work is based on an analysis of the dynamics of air temperature, precipitation and the hydrothermal coefficient of Selyaninov for the period from 1966 to 2017 based on data from the Yashkul meteorological station (Republic of Kalmykia). The construction and analysis of difference integral curves made it possible to identify periods with increased (in comparison with the average) and reduced values of the studied quantities. It is concluded that the leading role belongs to precipitation in the formation of hydrothermal conditions of the territory for the studied time interval and humid warming.

Key words: air temperature, precipitation, hydrothermal coefficient of Selyaninov, humid warming, Republic of Kalmykia.

DOI: 10.24411/1993-3916-2020-10103