Архив метки: dry steppe

REGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGES IN DRY STEPPES AND THEIR CONNECTION TO DROUGHTS

Arid Ecosystems

UDC 551.583:632.125

Pugacheva A.M., Belyaev A.I., Trubakova K.Yu., Romadina O.D. Regional Climate Changes in Dry Steppes and their Connection to Droughts // Arid Ecosystems. 2022. Vol. 28. № 4 (93). P. 13-21. | PDF

The authors carried out an analysis of the regional climate for separate administrative districts of the Volgograd region for the first time. Differences were revealed based on temperature data and incoming precipitation. The study of the Volgograd region in the context of natural and climatic zones and subzones is of particular interest. This makes it possible to analyze multidirectional trends of climate change in a limited area. The open data of the climatic archive (VNIIGMI-MCD) on 5 reference weather stations of the region located in the dry steppes of chestnut soils were used in the work. The droughts were calculated on the basis of temperature and precipitation anomalies using Pedj Drought Index. Regional changes in the climate were identified in terms of the flow of precipitation during the seasons of active vegetation (spring, summer) according to long-term time series of data from registered meteorological stations. Regression analysis showed an increase in their reception in the spring and a decrease in the summer. Also, an increase in the number of droughts in the summer period was revealed with a decrease in aridity. This effect increases the intensity using Pedj Drought Index, the value of which reaches 3 units. A slight inverse correlation was found between the amount of incoming precipitation and the number of droughts in the summer in Volgograd, Surovikinsky, Ilovlinsky and Kamyshinsky districts and dry phenomena in the Surovikinsky district, as well as a direct moderate dependence on droughts in the Kamyshinsky district in summer. Areas with the maximum number of drought events have been identified, therefore, having the maximum risks of agricultural production. In Kamyshinsky district there were 21 drought events in spring, 115 in summer and in Surovikinsky district there were 4 drought events in spring, 70 in summer. In accordance with the results obtained, especially in the regions most susceptible to the influence of droughts, it is necessary to adjust the existing crop rotation schemes, the range of cultivated crops and a shift in emphasis towards conducting reclamation agriculture in these territories in order to eliminate the risks of agricultural production with the effective use of land resources. Regional climate studies are necessary for conducting effective agricultural activities. This makes it possible to objectively assess the situation with climate change at the level of administrative districts. The information obtained is necessary for the purpose of making managerial, risk-free decisions for agricultural production for agricultural regions.

Keywords: climate change, seasons of active vegetation, moisture availability during the seasons of active vegetation, droughts, aridity, dry steppe, chestnut soils.

Acknowledgements. The authors are grateful to the research engineer of the Laboratory of Geoinformation Modeling and Mapping of Agroforestry Landscapes of the Federal Research Center of Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences A.A. Vasilchenko for the cartographic material prepared for the article.

Funding.The work was carried out within the framework of the State Task of the Federal Research Center of Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences «Theoretical foundations of the functioning and natural-anthropogenic transformation of agroforestry complexes in transitional natural-geographical zones, patterns and forecast of their degradation and desertification based on geoinformation technologies, aerospace methods and mathematical cartographic modeling in modern conditions».:

DOI: 10.24412/1993-3916-2022-4-13-21

EDN: ZNQHLZ

RADIAL GROWTH OF WOODY PLANTS IN EXTRAZONAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC LANDSCAPES OF THE DRY STEPPE OF THE WEST SIBERIAN PLAIN

Arid Ecosystems

UDC 630*561.24

Rygalova N.V., Bykov N.I., Shigimaga A.A. RADIAL GROWTH OF WOODY PLANTS IN EXTRAZONAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC LANDSCAPES OF THE DRY STEPPE OF THE WEST SIBERIAN PLAIN // Arid ecosystems. 2022. V.28. № 1 (90). P. 73-79. | PDF

The article presents dendroclimatic analysis of tree-ring chronologies of coniferous (Pinus sylvestris L., Larix sibirica Ledeb.) and deciduous (Betula pendula Roth., Populus balsamifera L.) tree species growing in natural extrazonal landscapes of pine belt forests and natural-anthropogenic landscapes of shelterbelt forests in the dry steppe subzone of southern Western Siberia. The maximum annual growth was recorded for poplar, the minimum – for larch. The greatest climatic sensitivity is characterized by rows of radial growth of trees in shelterbelt forests (maximum values were recorded for birch). The similarity of tree-ring rows of birch and larch, which are most susceptible to water stress under dry steppe conditions, was noted. The significance of hydrothermal conditions of August-September of the previous year, as well as May (for conifers) and, mainly, June (for deciduous species) of the current year was established. Positive statistically significant relationship was noted with precipitation and moisture index of the territory (Selyaninov’s hydrothermal coefficient), with temperature – negative. For pine chronologies of natural pine belt forests, the contribution of the first component determines 80.6% of the variability of the series, which is greater than for the chronologies of shelterbelt forests. This indicates a mixed natural-anthropogenic signal in the annual rings of trees of cultivated forest plantations.

Keywords: dry steppe, tree-ring chronology, dendroclimatic analysis, pine belt forests, shelterbelt forests, Scots pine, Siberian larch, birch, Balsam poplar.

Financing. The work was carried out with the support of the RFBR (project No. 19-45-220011 p_a, “Response of protective forest strips of the dry-steppe zone of the Altai Territory to climate change”) and within the framework of the state assignment of the Institute of Water and Environmental Problems SB RAS (state registration No. 0306-2021-0007, “Natural and natural-economic systems of Siberia in the conditions of modern challenges: diagnostics of conditions, adaptive capabilities, potential of ecosystem services”).

DOI: 10.24412/1993-3916-2022-1-73-79