Архив метки: pollution

ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS BY PLANTS OF THE GENUS ACHILLEA L. IN THE ARID CONDITIONS OF THE PLAIN ZONE OF DAGESTAN

Arid Ecosystems

UDC 574.2:582.998.2 (470.67)

Semenova V.V., Anatov D.M. ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS BY PLANTS OF THE GENUS ACHILLEA L. IN THE ARID CONDITIONS OF THE PLAIN ZONE OF DAGESTAN // Arid ecosystems. 2022. V.28. № 1 (90). P. 98-105. | PDF

Received September 8, 2021. After  revisiou September 15, 2021. Accepted October 11, 2021

In the flat zone of Dagestan, arid mixed grasses steppes are common. As part of their herbage, yarrow plants are present, forming extensive thickets in the lowlands. For the first time in Dagestan, the accumulation of heavy metals in the organs of plants of the genus Achillea L. and in soils was studied. The content of Fe, Mn, Pb, Cd in the aboveground and underground mass of plants of the genus Achillea L. was determined in natural and anthropogenic disturbed areas, as well as in the soils on which they grow. It has been established that the accumulation and distribution of heavy metals in plant organs is influenced by pollution from motor vehicles. In Achillea nobilis plants selected in Uchkent and Stalskoye villages, the cadmium content exceeds the maximum permissible level by 1.2-1.7 times. According to the calculated coefficients of biogeochemical mobility, it was revealed that plants of anthropogenically disturbed habitats are characterized by a high accumulation of Fe, Cd, but low – Mn, Pb.

Keywords: Achillea millefolium L., Achillea nobilis L., Achillea biebersteinii Afan., heavy metals, aboveground and underground mass of plants, soil, pollution.

Financing. This work was carried out in the Laboratory of Soil and Plant Resources of the Caspian Institute of Biological Resources of the Russian Academy of Sciences, state assignment No. 0205-2016-0003 “Dynamics of Soil Cover and Ecosystems Bioproductivity in the Northwestern Caspian Region and Eastern Caucasus” (state registration No. АААА-А17-117081640024-6), and it was also funded by the Program of the Russian Academy of Sciences Presidium, No. 1.21 “Biological diversity of natural systems. Biological Resources of Russia: Assessment of their condition and basics of Monitoring”.

DOI: 10.24412/1993-3916-2022-1-99-106

THE INFLUENCE OF ANTHROPOGENIC FACTORS ON THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF LAKES IN ARID REGIONS OF DAGESTAN (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE GREAT AND SMALL TURALI)

Arid Ecosystems

Yusupov A.R., Kurbanismailova A.S., Alkhulaev K.G., Mamaev A.S., Yusupov Z.A. THE INFLUENCE OF ANTHROPOGENIC FACTORS ON THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF LAKES IN ARID REGIONS OF DAGESTAN (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE GREAT AND SMALL TURALI) // Arid ecosystems. 2021. V.27. № 4 (88). P. 118-122. | PDF

Anthropogenic impact on the ecosystems of arid areas leads to environmental pollution. Assessment of the state of nature of arid regions is the most important task in the context of scientific and technological progress.

When studying the current state of the Turaly lakes, as representatives of reservoirs of arid conditions, various research methods were used. This made it possible to draw a conclusion about the level of pollution of objects and to assess the ecological condition of reservoirs characteristic of natural complexes of arid conditions.

Key words: arid climate, ecology, anthropogenic influence, pollution, salinization, Turaly lakes.

Financing. The work was carried out on the topics of the Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences: «Assessment and revision of the mineragenic potential of the North Caucasus on the basis of modern stratigraphic and lithological-geochemical methods of analysis of sedimentary complexes»(State registration No. AAAA19-119122690018-8) and «Ecological and geochemical features of groundwater in the North-Eastern Caucasus (Dagestan). Natural and anthropogenic pollution factors» (State Registration No. AAAAA 117-117021310203-3.

DOI: 10.24412/1993-3916-2021-4-118-122

BIOGEOCHEMICAL ACTIVITY OF PASTURE PLANT SPECIES IN THE LEAD, CADMIUM AND ARSENIC UPTAKE UNDER CONDITIONS OF THE VOLGOGRAD REGION

Arid Ecosystems

Belozubova N.Yu., Zubkova V.M. BIOGEOCHEMICAL ACTIVITY OF PASTURE PLANT SPECIES IN THE LEAD, CADMIUM AND ARSENIC UPTAKE UNDER CONDITIONS OF THE VOLGOGRAD REGION // Arid ecosystems. 2021. V.27. № 3 (88). P. 81-88.

Production of livestock products in the suburban areas of urban agglomerations, including in the Sarpinskaya lowland steppes – a territory favorable for animal husbandry, is economically profitable due to the proximity to produce processing and consumers.

At the same time, such zones are subject to the airborne technogenic impact of urban industrial enterprises, which are sources of heavy metals and arsenic entering the ecosystems (Belozubova, 2011). In this regard, the study of the distribution of pollutant elements in agrocenoses adjacent to industrial centers is becoming increasingly important.

The biogeochemical activity of plants belonging to the legume family (Fabaceae) – plaster clover (Melilotus officinális (L.) Pall.) and arctic clover (Melilotus albus (Medik.) H. Ohashi & Y. Tateishi), the family of cereals (Poaceae) – couch-grass (Elytrígia répens (L.) Nevski), desert wheatgrass (Agropýron desertorum (Fisch.) Schultes) and common reed grass (Phrágmites communis Trin.), the goosefoot family (Chenopodiaceae) – common orach (Átriplex patula L.) was researched.

A high degree of arsenic accumulation by the roots of all studied plants, except plaster clover (Melilotus officinális (L.) Pall.); the highest biogeochemical activity in the uptake of Pb, Cd and As by the aerial part of the common orach (Átriplex patula L.) and the roots of the desert wheatgrass (Agropýron desertorum (Fisch.) Schultes) were found.

Keywords: Volgograd Region, Sarpinskaya lowland, light-chestnut soils, pasture plants, pollution, heavy metals, arsenic.

DOI: 10.24411/1993-3916-2021-10167

TO THE QUESTION OF THE INDICATOR OF SOILS ASSIMILATION POTENTIAL AS A COMPOSITE PART OF THE SOIL PASSPORT AND LANDSCAPES ASSIMILATION POTENTIAL

Arid Ecosystems

Ismailov N.M., Najafova S.I., Kayserovskaya F., Gasymova A.S. TO THE QUESTION OF THE INDICATOR OF SOILS ASSIMILATION POTENTIAL AS A COMPOSITE PART OF THE SOIL PASSPORT AND LANDSCAPES ASSIMILATION POTENTIAL // Arid ecosystems. 2020. V. 26. № 1 (82). P. 69-75 . | PDF

Using the complex comparative soil-biological method for the first time, the average annual assimilation volumes of hydrocarbon pollution in the main soil types of various bioclimatic landscape zones of Azerbaijan were evaluated. The results of the research allowed, in the first approximation, to identify regions with potentially the highest (mountain brown, chestnut and mountain black soils) and the most vulnerable assimilation potential − gray-brown and gray soil. The results of the conducted studies show the possibility and necessity of introducing in the “Soil Passport” indicators of soils data on their assimilation potential with respect to a particular pollutant.

Keywords: soil, pollution, assimilation potential, coefficient of mineralization, passport of soils, scientific basis of nature management.

DOI: 10.24411/1993-3916-2020-10085