Архив метки: precipitation

ANALYSIS OF CLIMATIC CONDITIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF KALMYKIA FOR THE PERIOD 1966-2017

Arid Ecosystems

Shumova N.А. Analysis of climatic conditions in the Republic of Kalmykia for the period 1966-2017 // Arid ecosystems. 2020. V. 26. № 3 (84). P. 23-29. | PDF

The work is based on an analysis of the dynamics of air temperature, precipitation and the hydrothermal coefficient of Selyaninov for the period from 1966 to 2017 based on data from the Yashkul meteorological station (Republic of Kalmykia). The construction and analysis of difference integral curves made it possible to identify periods with increased (in comparison with the average) and reduced values of the studied quantities. It is concluded that the leading role belongs to precipitation in the formation of hydrothermal conditions of the territory for the studied time interval and humid warming.

Key words: air temperature, precipitation, hydrothermal coefficient of Selyaninov, humid warming, Republic of Kalmykia.

DOI: 10.24411/1993-3916-2020-10103

ASSESSMENT OF SPATIAL – TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF ARID ECOSYSTEMS IN THE REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA

Arid Ecosystems

Garmaev E.Zh.,  Ayurzhanaev A.A.,  Tsydypov B.Z.,  Alymbaeva Zh.B.,  Sodnomov B.V., Andreev S.G.,  Zharnikova M.A.,  Batomunkuev V.S.,  Mandakh N., Salikhov T.K.,  Tulohonov А.К.  ASSESSMENT  OF  SPATIAL – TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF ARID ECOSYSTEMS IN THE REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA // Arid ecosystems. 2020. V. 26. № 2 (83). P. 34-42. | PDF

Climate change and human activity on the territory of the Republic of Buryatia intensify the processes of desertification and land degradation. Zoning of the territory of Buryatia was carried out according to the aridity index using ENVIREM high spatial resolution climatic data. Based on the correlation analysis of the time series of the NDVI AVHRR vegetation index, meteorological series of the NCEP / NCAR reanalysis and field studies, a quantitative assessment of the long-term changes in vegetation cover in arid and humid zones was carried out. Maps of the spatial distribution of linear trends of NDVI and precipitation for 1982-2015 with the separation of wet (1982-1999) and dry periods (2000-2015) were obtained. During the wet period, positive NDVI trends are observed for almost the entire territory of the Republic, while the dry period is characterized by a significant increase in the negative trends of the vegetation index. The positive correlation between the Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient and NDVI is observed for intermountain steppificated hollows, negative for forest landscapes. The dynamics of NDVI of steppe vegetation largely depends on precipitation, the dynamics of NDVI of forests — on temperature. Reforestation, post-pyrogenic succession, shrubbing of abandoned fields, etc., cause the increase of NDVI. Negative NDVI trends are typical for steppe ecosystems under conditions of decreasing precipitation, and for forest vegetation prone to cuttings and fires.

Keywords: Buryatia, arid zones, vegetation, NDVI, Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient, precipitation, trend, reanalysis, dendrochronology.

DOI: 10.24411/1993-3916-2020-10093

ATMOSPHERIC HUMIDIFICATION AS A FACTOR OF LAND DEGRADATION NEUTRALITY OF FOREST-STEPPE LANDSCAPES

Arid Ecosystems

Kuderina T.M.,  Suslova S.B.,  Lunin V.N.,  Kudikov A.V. ATMOSPHERIC HUMIDIFICATION AS A FACTOR OF LAND DEGRADATION NEUTRALITY OF FOREST-STEPPE LANDSCAPES // Arid ecosystems. 2020. V. 26. № 2 (83). P. 80-85. | PDF

An analysis of meteorological observations in the area of the Kursk biosphere station of the Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences over the past 40 years has been carried out. A steady increase in temperature is shown, against which an increase in the deficit of precipitation is observed. Moreover, precipitation is characterized by high instability and contrast distribution over the years, an increase in the number and duration of dry periods. For forest-steppe landscapes, precipitation, especially snow reserves, is an important source of moisture, on which their functioning depends. In agrolandscapes, a lack of moisture is observed, which contributes to deeper freezing of soils, deterioration of their water permeability, development of surface runoff of meltwater from fields, leading to landscape degradation. Atmospheric humidification in forest-steppe landscapes is a significant factor determining their functioning and can be used as a local LDN indicator.

Keywords: atmospheric moisture, precipitation, snow accumulation, moisture reserves, forest-steppe landscapes, neutral balance of land degradation, indicator.

DOI: 10.24411/1993-3916-2020-10099