UDC  631.412

Mukabenova R.A., Mandzhieva S.S., Adyanova A.B., Dzhimbeev N.V., Sayanov V.T., Buluktaev A.A. SOILS OF ARID TERRITORIES IN THE CENTRAL PART OF KALMYKIA (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE PRIYUTNENSKY DISTRICT) // Arid Ecosystems. 2023. Vol. 29. № 4 (97). P. 73-80. | PDF

This article presents the characteristics of the soils of the Republic of Kalmykia on the example of the Priyutnensky district. Such indicators of soil fertility as organic matter, the reaction of the aqueous extract medium (hydrogen index – pH), salt composition and the degree of alkalinity of soils of 5 settlements of the Priyutnensky district of the Republic of Kalmykia were studied.. The content of organic carbon (Сorg) was studied by the method of I.V. Tyurin modified by V.N. Simakov (GOST 26213-91), pH of the soil solution by the potentiometric method (GOST 26483-85). The chemical composition of soils was studied by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy using a MAKS — GV spectroscan. As a result of studies conducted on salt and light chestnut soils of the Priyutnensky district, the predominance of arable soils with low and very low organic matter content (less than 3.5%) was revealed. The reaction of the soil solution is slightly alkaline and alkaline. The soils are saline in the upper surface layer (0-20 cm), the content of exchangeable magnesium does not exceed 0.74%, the content of calcium is 0.96 %, carbonates are present. It has been established that minimum pH values are observed on the edge of settlements, maximum values are observed on the territory of an educational institution, or in the center of a settlement. The chloride content in the soils of the research objects was not the same. There was no pronounced dependence of other soil parameters in all settlements from the center to the background.

Keywords: fertility, salt composition, organic matter, cations, acidity.

Funding. The article was prepared within the framework of the state subsidy for the project «Asymmetrically developing territories facing traditional and new challenges: a study of the dynamics of socio-economic processes and the variability of the environmental situation» (state registration no. 122022700133-9).

DOI: 10.24412/1993-3916-2023-4-73-80

EDN: HWQWRM