UDC 631.48.575

Zalibekov Z.G., Mamaev S.A., Magomedov R.A., Musaev M.A., Musalaeva P.D. ABOUT THE SOIL-GEOGRAPHICAL PHENOMENON OF THE EUROPEAN PART OF THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA // Arid Ecosystems. 2023. Vol. 29. № 2 (95). P. 36-44. | PDF

The territory of the European part of the southern territory of Russia includes regions located between 2 continent-forming seas: the Black Sea from the northwest, and the Caspian Sea from the southeast. The Caucasus Mountains stretch between them in a submeridional direction for more than 1.5 thousand km, varying and in relief elements. To the north, within 42-48°N and 38-49°E, there are temperate and subtropical zones of steppes, semi-deserts, deserts, forest and shrub vegetation (Dokuchaev, 1951).

Within the general laws of the doctrine about the natural zones, some ideas were formulated about the generally accepted parallels and meridians, along which systems with increased geodynamic activity stretch. In some continents, the latitudinal mountain zones are clearly confined to 36-60° parallels, covering a wide range of landscape formation and soil cover. It is well known that the atmospheric pressure is at its maximum within 30-40°N, thus called “roaring forties”. From there the string winds blow, transforming into strong storms of catastrophic consequences that affect the development of aridization and desertification.

Keywords: geographical zones, continents, atmospheric pressure, mountain systems, desiccation, xeromorphism, cartographic analysis, change of soil zones, composition of soil cover.

Financing. The work was carried out for the state task of the Institute of Geology of the Dagestan Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences “Landscape-geochemical Zoning of the Caspian Lowland”, Section 1, No. AAA-A117-117021310199-9 “Development of Methodological Foundations for Studying the Humus State and Soil Salinization for Landscape-Geochemical Zoning of Arid Territories», Topic 3, No. AAAAA17-117021310203-3 “Ecological and Geochemical Features of Underground Waters of the North-Eastern Caucasus (Dagestan). Natural and Anthropogenic Pollution Factors”.

DOI: 10.24412/1993-3916-2023-2-36-44

EDN: OZIERA