Архив метки: pasture load

ECOLOGICAL AND PHYTOCENOTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF HALOCNEMETA STROBILACEI PASTURE OF KARAKALPAK USTURT

Arid Ecosystems

UDC 581.5 (575.13)

Shomurodov X.F., Rakhimova N.K., Saitjanova U.Sh. ECOLOGICAL AND PHYTOCENOTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF HALOCNEMETA STROBILACEI PASTURE OF KARAKALPAK USTURT // Arid Ecosystems. 2023. Vol. 29. № 4 (97). P. 154-165. | PDF

The article presents the ecological and phytocenotic characteristics of the Halocnemeta strobilacei type of pastures common on the territory of the Karakalpak Ustyurt (Uzbekistan). The species composition, the productivity of pasture differences, the type of soil, the percentage of projective grass cover, landscape types are characterized, the recommended seasonality of use is determined. According to geobotanical zoning, the Halocnemeta strobilacei type of pasture covers the territory of the Barsakelmes, Sarykamysh and Churuk districts of the Karakalpak Ustyurt and occupies 123736 hectares. This type consists of three pasture differences: Halocnemum strobilaceum, Haloxylon ammodendron-Halocnemum strobilaceum, Kalidium capsicum-Halocnemum strobilaceum, common on wet and plump salt marshes with very close occurrence of highly mineralized soil water, as well as on loamy and sandy loam saline soils. The differences are characterized by sparsity of vegetation cover and extreme poverty of species composition, reaching in some cases to a monodominant community. Such a poverty of the species composition of Halocnemeta strobilacei type is explained by the presence of a high concentration of soil solution, to which a limited number of species are adapted. The seasonal productivity ranges from 0.9 to 4.3 kg/ha, According to estimates of the yield of the eaten part (kg/ha), it is recommended to use the studied pasture differences as an autumn-winter pasture.

Keywords: Ustyurt plateau, aridization, pasture, productivity, pasture load, bonitet, degradation.

Funding: The work was carried out within the framework of the state program (PFI-5) «Assessment of the current state of vegetation cover and pasture resources of the Republic of Karakalpakstan».

DOI: 10.24412/1993-3916-2023-4-154-165

EDN: WVFXAY

SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE COMMUNITIES OF SOIL NEMATODES IN CHESTNUT SOILS OF THE MANYCH VALLEY UNDER PASTURE LOAD

Arid Ecosystems

Shmatko V.Yu.,  Sushko K.S.,  Sokolova T.A., Ilyina L.P. SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE COMMUNITIES OF SOIL NEMATODES IN CHESTNUT SOILS OF THE MANYCH VALLEY UNDER PASTURE LOAD // Arid ecosystems. 2021. V. 27. № 1 (86). P. 106-118. | PDF

In this article, two key areas with virgin and pasture biotopes were studied, for which soil parameters were determined, a brief description of the vegetation was given, and the spectral reflectance properties of the vegetation cover (NDVI) were calculated using Landsat 8 OLI images.

The seasonal dynamics of the structure of soil nematode communities in chestnut solonetzic soils under pasture load has been studied. A number of features have been identified that are manifested in the species diversity of the fauna, changes in the total number, domination of certain trophic groups and genera.

For the studied areas, 133 taxa were identified, exact species identification is given for 58 species. It has been established that the features of soil nematode communities in different seasons of the year are manifested in the dominance of certain trophic groups and genera, as well as their total number at key sites.

In general, the fauna of nematodes can be assessed as quite diverse – Shannon’s index (Hˊ) throughout the year at all sites varied within the same values. The nematode community maturity index by Bongers (MI) indicates the stability of their habitat conditions.

Keywords: soil nematodes, chestnut solonetzic soils, pasture load, vegetation, ecological and trophic composition, diversity index, community maturity index.

DOI: 10.24411/1993-3916-2021-10142