Архив метки: productivity

ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCTIVITY INDICATORS OF PLANT COMMUNITIES OF THE STEPPE ZONE IN WESTERN SIBERIA OBTAINED BY REMOTE SENSING AND DENDROCHRONOLOGY

Arid Ecosystems

UDC 630*561.24;528.854

Rygalova N.V., Plutalova T.G., Martynova Y.V. ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCTIVITY INDICATORS OF PLANT COMMUNITIES OF THE STEPPE ZONE IN WESTERN SIBERIA OBTAINED BY REMOTE SENSING AND DENDROCHRONOLOGY // Arid Ecosystems. 2024. Vol. 30. № 2 (99). P. 36-44. | PDF

The study explores different methods of combined analysis of the productivity of herbaceous and woody plants from various landscape communities, such as typical steppe, saline, woody and agricultural ones, in the arid conditions in the south of Western Siberia. The analysis was carried out remotely (by analyzing NDVI) and dendrochronologically (by analyzing width growth of the Scots pine (Punus sylvestris L.) trunks in the extrazonal ribbon forests). We discovered that climatic factors that determine the dynamics of NDVI and radial growth of trees in the steppe zone are the limiting influence of summer air temperatures and the positive influence of precipitation during the previous winter and current summer seasons. Analysis of vegetation indices and radial growth showed the presence of a moderate relationship between them: NDVI of herbaceous communities (feather grass-fescue, arable lands) in May and July correlated with the width of growth rings. It was revealed that in the arid steppe the trunk width of pines’ radial growth depends on the NDVI value of their crowns in May two years earlier.

Keywords: NDVI, productivity, radial growth of trees, ribbon pine forest, steppe zone, south of
Western Siberia.

Funding. The research was carried out with the support of the Ministry of Science and Higher
Education of the Russian Federation, the state assignment for scientific research carried out at
Altai State University, project no. FZMW-2023-0007.

DOI: 10.24412/1993-3916-2024-2-36-44
EDN: PGYINH

VEGETATION OF CRYOARID SOILS: PRODUCTIVITY, SPECIES, ELEMENTAL AND BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS

Arid Ecosystems

UDC  574.4+631.4

Chimitdorzhieva E.O., Chimitdorzhieva G.D. VEGETATION OF CRYOARID SOILS: PRODUCTIVITY, SPECIES, ELEMENTAL AND BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS // Arid Ecosystems. 2023. Vol. 29. № 4 (97). P. 63-72. | PDF

The extreme weather conditions of Transbaikalia, due to which plants experience phytostress, lead to the formation of protective systems and mobilization, in which some metabolic changes occur as a means of survival. These changes include an increase in lipids and lignin. There is a change in metabolism, which is determined by the speed and depth of its changes without disturbing the balance between individual functions, so the unity of the organism and the environment is not disturbed. Cryoarid conditions caused specific morphological and chemical adaptations in plants. It was found that the total content of lipids and lignin in the studied soils of Transbaikalia is higher, and the content of proteins is lower compared to similar soils of the European part of Russia. It was found that more lipids, lignin and proteins were found in virgin chestnut soils compared to fallow and arable ones.

Keywords: vegetation, carbon, productivity, elemental composition, lipids, lignin, proteins, chestnut soils, cryoarid climate, continentality.

Funding. The work was carried out on the topic of state task No. 121030100228-4 «Evolutionary-genetic, biogeochemical and production functions of the soils of the Baikal region as a component of the biosphere, assessment of their resource potential and development of technologies for rational use and protection».

DOI: 10.24412/1993-3916-2023-4-63-72

EDN: MEHGTC

ECOLOGICAL AND PHYTOCENOTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF HALOCNEMETA STROBILACEI PASTURE OF KARAKALPAK USTURT

Arid Ecosystems

UDC 581.5 (575.13)

Shomurodov X.F., Rakhimova N.K., Saitjanova U.Sh. ECOLOGICAL AND PHYTOCENOTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF HALOCNEMETA STROBILACEI PASTURE OF KARAKALPAK USTURT // Arid Ecosystems. 2023. Vol. 29. № 4 (97). P. 154-165. | PDF

The article presents the ecological and phytocenotic characteristics of the Halocnemeta strobilacei type of pastures common on the territory of the Karakalpak Ustyurt (Uzbekistan). The species composition, the productivity of pasture differences, the type of soil, the percentage of projective grass cover, landscape types are characterized, the recommended seasonality of use is determined. According to geobotanical zoning, the Halocnemeta strobilacei type of pasture covers the territory of the Barsakelmes, Sarykamysh and Churuk districts of the Karakalpak Ustyurt and occupies 123736 hectares. This type consists of three pasture differences: Halocnemum strobilaceum, Haloxylon ammodendron-Halocnemum strobilaceum, Kalidium capsicum-Halocnemum strobilaceum, common on wet and plump salt marshes with very close occurrence of highly mineralized soil water, as well as on loamy and sandy loam saline soils. The differences are characterized by sparsity of vegetation cover and extreme poverty of species composition, reaching in some cases to a monodominant community. Such a poverty of the species composition of Halocnemeta strobilacei type is explained by the presence of a high concentration of soil solution, to which a limited number of species are adapted. The seasonal productivity ranges from 0.9 to 4.3 kg/ha, According to estimates of the yield of the eaten part (kg/ha), it is recommended to use the studied pasture differences as an autumn-winter pasture.

Keywords: Ustyurt plateau, aridization, pasture, productivity, pasture load, bonitet, degradation.

Funding: The work was carried out within the framework of the state program (PFI-5) «Assessment of the current state of vegetation cover and pasture resources of the Republic of Karakalpakstan».

DOI: 10.24412/1993-3916-2023-4-154-165

EDN: WVFXAY

THE METHOD OF ITERATING AVERAGES IN ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Arid Ecosystems

UDC 574

Sukhorukikh Yu.I., Biganova S.G. THE METHOD OF ITERATING AVERAGES IN ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES // Arid Ecosystems. 2023. Vol. 29. № 3 (96). P. 124-130. | PDF

The study and conservation of biological diversity is a global environmental problem of our time and is of world significance. The aim of our work is to propose a method for identifying promising plants by iterating means. To do this, we laid 9 test sites in the steppe, forest-steppe and mountain zones of the North-Western Caucasus in protective and forest plantations. Based on already known methods, we studied the height, trunk diameter, crown radius, abundance of fruiting, weight and selection value of nuts. We studied the change in the average values of the indicators for different numbers of iterations. As a result, we propose a method for identifying promising individuals based on the mean values in iterations 4 and 5. We compared the proposed method with another method based on the sum (difference) of the mean and twice the standard deviation. With a statistically normal distribution of indicators, both methods show similar values — in the direction of increasing or decreasing the indicator. Using an already known method with a statistical distribution that differs from normal, in some cases gives meaningless values. The method we propose is based on the average value of iterations 4 and 5 in the direction of increasing or decreasing the studied indicator and allows you to use it to select objects with a statistical distribution that differs from the normal one.

Keywords: ecological studies, method, iteration, averages, statistical distribution, organisms, productivity.

DOI: 10.24412/1993-3916-2023-3-124-130

EDN: CVEZIR

THE CURRENT STATE OF THE SALSOLA ARBUSCULIFORMIS, ANABASIS SALSA PASTURES OF KARAKALPAK USTURT (UZBEKISTAN)

Arid Ecosystems

UDC 581.5 (575.13)

Rakhimova N.K., Rakhimova T. THE CURRENT STATE OF THE SALSOLA ARBUSCULIFORMIS, ANABASIS SALSA PASTURES OF KARAKALPAK USTURT (UZBEKISTAN) // Arid ecosystems. 2022. V.28. № 3 (92). P. 61-71. | PDF

The article is devoted to the study of the current state of pastures of the Chernoboyalyshev-Biyurgun (Anabasis salsa, Salsola arbusculiformis) type, common in the territory of Karakalpak Ustyurt (Uzbekistan). The results of field studies of the species composition and productivity of plant communities with the dominance of Salsola arbusculiformis are presented and the reasons for the difference between the obtained data and the data of Karakalpak researchers of the 1970s are discussed. These pastures cover half of the northern and eastern parts of the territory (1,291,414 ha) and are distributed on gravelly, loamy, takyr-alkaline, gypsum soils of the Karakalpak Ustyurt, which includes 4 pasture varieties: shrub-white-earth wormwood-black boletus (Salsola arbusculiformis, Artemisia terrae- albae, Atraphaxis spinosa, Convolvulus fruticosus) with the participation of zaisan saxaul (Haloxylon ammodendron); white-earth sagebrush-black balsam (Salsola arbusculiformis, Artemisia terrae-albae): a) with the participation of Convolvulus fruticosus, Rheum tataricum, Stipa richteriana; b) with the participation of Anabasis brachiata; biyurgun-black balsam (Salsola arbusculiformis, Anabasis salsa) with zaisan saxaul (Haloxylon ammodendron) and shrubs (Salsola arbusculiformis, Atraphaxis spinosa, Convolvulus fruticosus). The area of the studied pasture varieties, the nature of the soil cover, the percentage of projective cover, landscape plant species, their placement, forage yield and recommended seasonality of use were determined. The composition of the vegetation remains monotonous due to complexes of boyalyshev, biyurgun and wormwood communities. Due to the lack of moisture in the year of observation (2021), the dominant species (Salsola arbusculiformis, Artemisia terrae-albae) showed a weak annual growth (up to 1 cm) and they were in a depressed state. The seasonal forage yield of pastures of the Salsola arbusculiformis, Anabasis salsa pastures ranges from 0.5 to 3.5 q/ha, the maximum yield occurs in the autumn period. According to estimates of the yield of the eatable part (c/ha), the studied pasture varieties are recommended to be used as an autumn-winter pasture.

Keywords: Republic of Karakalpakstan, Ustyurt, desertification, pasture difference, degradation, vegetation cover, productivity.

Financing. The work was carried out within the framework of the State Program (PFI-5) «Assessment of the current state of vegetation cover and pasture resources of the Republic of Karakalpakstan».

DOI: 10.24412/1993-3916-2022-3-61-71