Архив метки: groundwater

EXPERIENCE AND PROSPECTS OF GROUNDWATER DEVELOPMENT IN OASIS IRRIGATION OF SANDS IN THE WESTERN CASPIAN REGION

Arid Ecosystems

UDC 631.48.581.5

Surkhaev G.A., Surkhaeva G.M. EXPERIENCE AND PROSPECTS OF GROUNDWATER DEVELOPMENT IN OASIS IRRIGATION OF SANDS IN THE WESTERN CASPIAN REGION // Arid Ecosystems. 2024. Vol. 30. № 2 (99). P. 112-118. | PDF

In this article we assess the hydrogeological potential of the Terek-Kuma sands in the Western Caspian Region, which contain significant underground water reserves (artesian and groundwater) of the Caspian Depression centered near the feeding glaciers of the Greater Caucasus. According to their chemical composition, these waters are suitable for irrigation of tree and herbaceous ameliorant crops. This is supported by long-term scientific and experimental works of Achikulak Research Forest Experimental Station of the All-Union Research Institute of Agroforestry (these days known as the North Caucasian Branch of the Federal Scientific Center of Agroecology, Complex Meliorations and Protective Forestry of the Russian Academy of Sciences), carried out in the sands of the Bazhigan Massif. The latter determines a wide potential for the use of self-pressure (artesian) and non-pressure (groundwater) underground water in oasis irrigation of sandy territories. Using groundwater to irrigate arable phytocenoses directly from the wells with the help of pulsed sprinkling and renewable energy sources (sun, wind) seems to be a more cost-effective method with a faster payback than the capital-intensive method of storing flowing artesian water in tanks. According to our estimates, the groundwater potential of this region kis high enough for hydromelioration successfully carried out in more than 100 thousand ha of sandy lands in the arid region.

Keywords: moving sands, underground water, artesian water, groundwater, oasis irrigation, sand irrigation, pasture irrigation, water well, ameliorants.

Funding. This work was carried out as part of the state task No. 0713-2019-0002 “To Develop
Scientific Bases, New Methods, Models and Technologies of Sufficient Development of Afforestation Amelioration and Multipurpose Use of Low-Productive and Degraded Lands of the Arid Zone of the Russian Federation”.

DOI: 10.24412/1993-3916-2024-2-112-118
EDN: KKNHZL

INFLUENCE OF SOIL-CLIMATE FACTORS ON GROUNDWATER PARAMETERS OF SLOPE AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE

Arid Ecosystems

UDC 556.31; 631.432.1

Buzueva A.S., Gubarev D.I., Nesvetaev M.Yu., Kulikova V.A. INFLUENCE OF SOIL-CLIMATE FACTORS ON GROUNDWATER PARAMETERS OF SLOPE AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE // Arid Ecosystems. 2023. Vol. 29. № 2 (95). P. 20-28. | PDF

The purpose of our research was to establish the influence of soil and climatic factors on the depth of occurrence and the degree of salinization of groundwater in the slope-hollow landscape. The hydrogeological data served as the basis for our research, obtained in 1990-2021 for 6 wells at the research stations of the Federal Center of Agriculture Research of the South-East Region. The dynamic changes in the groundwater level were analyzed in various relief elements in the wells located on the Elshan-Guselka Plain of Saratov, in the Volga Upland. The analysis specified that there was a general trend towards an increase in the groundwater level, both in the watershed and the slope-hollow relief. The chemical composition of atmospheric precipitation turned out to be the main source of groundwater nutrition. Sulfates (35%) had the largest percentage of the total chemical composition of sediments, while hydrocarbonates had 22%. The main ions that determined the chemical type and degree of mineralization of the studied waters were identified as well. The exceeding average values of the maximum concentration limit was established for sulfates, calcium, magnesium and sodium. The level of water salinity in the watersheds was 27% higher than in the lower part of the slope. According to long-term average data, groundwater, sampled according to relief elements, was saline.

Keywords: climate change, groundwater, chemical composition of groundwater.

Funding. The research was carried out for the state task No. FNWF-2022-0007 “Formation of Principles of Ecosystem Management and Agricultural Production Based on Digitalization and Forecasting of Soil and Climatic Changes”.

DOI: 10.24412/1993-3916-2023-2-20-28

EDN: GBXGNB