Архив метки: humus

CHERNOZEMS OF WESTERN TRANSBAIKAL: DISTRIBUTION, FERTILITY ELEMENTS, ORGANIC MATTER, HUMUS, CROPS

Arid Ecosystems

Chimitdorzhieva G.D. CHERNOZEMS OF WESTERN TRANSBAIKAL: DISTRIBUTION, FERTILITY ELEMENTS, ORGANIC MATTER, HUMUS, CROPS // Arid ecosystems. 2020. V. 26. № 4 (85). P. 136-143. | PDF

The chernozems of Transbaikal, along with chestnut soils, are intensively used in agriculture of the region. Their humus level is low (4.2%), they have a light particle size distribution and are spreading in patches, mostly on the various slopes, and are subject to deflation. Their biological activity is low due to their deep level of freezing (4 m) and slow thawing. The microorganisms are distributed only in their surface layers. The amounts of annual fresh organic matter are low, their destruction is slow. Humus is fulvic-humate with a high content of non-hydrolyzable residue (48%). The harvest of spring wheat in the farms of the region is 12-13 cwt/ha. Only by application of the sparing agriculture and adaptive land management methods, the harvest can be increased up to 21 cwt/ha.

Keywords: chernozems, organic matter, humus, fertility, West Baikal Region.

DOI: 10.24411/1993-3916-2020-10128

QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMUS HORIZONS OF CRYO-ARID SOILS IN THE BARGUZIN VALLEY

Arid Ecosystems

Ubugunova В.I., Gunin P.D.,  Ubugunov V.L., Aleskerova E.N., Bazha S.N., Ayushina T.A. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMUS HORIZONS OF CRYO-ARID SOILS IN THE BARGUZIN VALLEY // Arid ecosystems. 2019. V. 25. № 4 (81). P. 82-91. | PDF

We studied various types of arid soils, forming under the influence of extra continental climate on the northern border of Central Asian steppes distribution. In this article we present the results of color characterization and humus condition of the surface horizons of steppe soils and soils of forest and steppe connection zone. Using  Munsell color system and color spectrum of CIE–L*a*b* system, we determined that cryo-humus accumulation prevails in steppe ecosystems soils and light-humus connection zone. The correlation between labile and bio-inert fractions of humus compounds can be used as a diagnostic parameter. We made a cluster analysis of humus horizons, using 25 indices. The first cluster combines steppe soils with cryo-humus accumulation, the second cluster combines soils with light-humus accumulation. Soils with AK–BCA–Cca profile were classified as cryo-humus soils. The achieved data can be used as a basis to clarify the classification of cryo-arid soils.

Keywords: soil, humus, accumulation, color characteristics, fraction composition.

DOI: 10.24411/1993-3916-2019-10076