Архив метки: variability

HAWTHORN Crataegus rhipidophylla Gand. IN THE ARID CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF DAGESTAN

Arid Ecosystems

UDC 582.746:581.44(470.67)

Zalibekov M.D., Gabibova A.R. HAWTHORN Crataegus rhipidophylla Gand. IN THE ARID CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF DAGESTAN // Arid Ecosystems. 2024. Vol. 30. № 2 (99). P. 67-72. | PDF

Hawthorn Crataegus rhipidophylla Gand. is a typical plant in the sparse woods of the piedmont region of the Republic of Dagestan, found in the lower, middle and upper mountain zones. Identification of patterns of intraspecific and interpopulation diversity (including the quantitative traits of annual shoots and their adaptive manifestation in the conditions of species introduction) allows determining the species’ optimum and adaptive potential to specific arid conditions. In this paper we present the results of an ecogeographical experiment on the altitudinal gradation of Crataegus rhipidophylla using its annual shoots as an example. In our research, we used a unique scientific setup “System of Experimental Bases Located along the Altitudinal Gradient (1100 and 1700 m ASL)”. We studied plants grown from seeds that were previously collected in arid ecosystems, under different conditions. We studied 10 quantitative traits and 1 qualitative trait (trichomes) of shoots and leaves to observe adaptive changes in an annual shoot under conditions of species introduction. The results were processed and evaluated by descriptive statistics, as well as by correlation, cluster and twofactor analysis of variance. We discovered the degree and structure of variability of quantitative traits of annual shoots and leaves, and the presence of population-geographical differentiation in such traits as “shoot length”, “number of leaves” and “number of prickles”, depending on the conditions of germination of collected samples. We determined the quantitative and qualitative differences between specimens. With increasing altitude, the increasing number of prickles and trichomes on the shoots and leaves can be considered as one of the adaptive mechanisms of vegetative organs to abiotic factors of the arid climate in the mountainous conditions.

Keywords: acclimatization, population, variability, ecological-geographical experiment, altitudinal gradient, factor influence, hawthorn, Republic of Dagestan.

Funding. This work was carried out as part of the state task No. 0206-2019-0007 “Geoclimatic
Peculiarities of Distribution and Description of Communities with Populations of Rare and
Resource Tree Species of the North Caucasus”.

DOI: 10.24412/1993-3916-2024-2-67-72
EDN: EMLDJM

TRENDS IN CHANGES IN THE THERMAL REGIME IN THE ARID AND ADJACENT TERRITORIES OF THE EUROPEAN PART OF RUSSIA IN THE SUMMER PERIOD

Arid Ecosystems

Akimov L.M. TRENDS IN CHANGES IN THE THERMAL REGIME IN THE ARID AND ADJACENT TERRITORIES OF THE EUROPEAN PART OF RUSSIA IN THE SUMMER PERIOD // Arid ecosystems. 2021. V.27. № 4 (88). P. 3-12. | PDF

The paper presents the results of the analysis of trends in the average monthly air temperature, arid lands of the European part of Russia and the territories associated with them, in the summer period, as well as estimates of their direction and speed of temperature changes in the second half of the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. Against the background of the global climate, the regional features of the thermal regime of the European territory of Russia (ETR) are studied. The analysis of latitudinal and longitude quantitative indicators of changes in the thermal regime, with a spatial distribution in the study area, is given. A significant increase in air temperature was found in the territories of arid lands of Russia, where the trend of temperature increase is significantly higher than the data presented in the Assessment Reports and amounted to 0.066oC over 10 years.

Keywords: air temperature, global climate, European territory of Russia, thermal regime, arid lands, trend, variability.

DOI: 10.24412/1993-3916-2021-4-3-12

ASSESSMENT OF POPULATIONS OF A RARE SPECIES OF COMMON FIG (FICUS CARICA L.) IN ARID CONDITIONS OF DAGESTAN

Arid Ecosystems

Gabibova A.R., Gasainieva Z.A., Zalibekov M.D. ASSESSMENT OF POPULATIONS OF A RARE SPECIES OF COMMON FIG (FICUS CARICA L.) IN ARID CONDITIONS OF DAGESTAN // Arid ecosystems. 2021. V.27. № 3 (88). P. 45-51.

Figs (Ficus carica L.) are one of the oldest species of fruit trees grown in the world. The territory of Dagestan is the northern border of the distribution of figs. The protection of rare plant and animal species is justified by the value of these species as components of arid ecosystems, for the preservation of which it is necessary to know the reasons for their decline. A positive solution to these problems is seen in the study and development of new technologies for the conservation of the biodiversity of arid ecosystems. In this paper, we analyze the diversity of 14 morphological features. The results of the studies showed significant variability in all the studied natural habitats between fig plants. There are three groups of biomorphotypes, which appear depending on the growing conditions: 1) a tree with 2-3 trunks, up to 6-7 m high-Untsukul; 2) a shrub up to 3-5 m high – Dzhalgan and Dagestan Lights; 3) a shrub up to 1.5 m high-Sarykum and Oaks. Given that F. carica is listed in the Red Book of Dagestan (2009) and grows in this region at the edge of its range (the northern border of the species ‘ distribution). The study of its diversity is of great scientific and practical interest. The data of the conducted studies of the populations of the rare species F. carica in Dagestan, the assessment of its condition and recommendations for protection are of monitoring importance and are presented for inclusion in the latest edition of the «Red Book of the Republic of Dagestan».

Keywords: Ficus carica, fig, coenopopulation, variability, morphological diversity, red book species, rare species, species protection, Dagestan.

Funding. This work was carried out within the state assignment No. АААА—А19-119020890099-4 “Structural and Functional Features of Plant Communities with Populations of Rare and Resource Tree Species (on the Example of the Eastern Caucasus)”.

DOI: 10.24411/1993-3916-2021-10162